在域用戶(hù)平臺(tái)里面集成了一個(gè)信使的功能,但是怕別人無(wú)腦的亂發(fā),又怕別人亂調(diào)用接口,加了一個(gè)圖片驗(yàn)證碼的功能~
實(shí)現(xiàn)起來(lái)比較簡(jiǎn)單,用 python 的 PIL 庫(kù)就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/40.jpg" alt="pic" />
yum install -y libjpeg-devel
yum install freetype-*
安裝 pil 庫(kù) ~
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/41.jpg" alt="pic" />
能不能用,要看下面是否支持 jpeg,不然圖片沒(méi)法寫(xiě)入的
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/42.jpg" alt="pic" />
好嘞,咱們可以跑一個(gè) demo 了~
import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
text = "EwWIieAT"
im = Image.new("RGB",(130,35), (255, 255, 255))
dr = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
font = ImageFont.truetype("kk.TTF", 24)
#simsunb.ttf 這個(gè)從windows fonts copy一個(gè)過(guò)來(lái)
dr.text((10, 5), text, font=font, fill="#000000")
im.show()
im.save("t.png")
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/43.jpg" alt="pic" />
因?yàn)橛玫氖墙K端,沒(méi)法看,傳到 windows 上,看下結(jié)果~
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/44.png" alt="pic" />
PIL 可以做很多的事情,比如縮略圖的實(shí)現(xiàn)~
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open('god.jpg')
img = img.resize((250, 156), Image.ANTIALIAS)
img.save('sharejs_small.jpg')
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/45.jpg" alt="pic" />
對(duì)于驗(yàn)證碼來(lái)說(shuō),上面的有點(diǎn)太正派了,很容易被破解了,所以咱們把驗(yàn)證碼的圖片給偽裝下。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter
_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小寫(xiě)字母,去除可能干擾的 i,l,o,z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大寫(xiě)字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 數(shù)字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))
def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
chars=init_chars,
img_type="GIF",
mode="RGB",
bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
font_size=18,
font_type="kk.TTF",
length=4,
draw_lines=True,
n_line=(1, 2),
draw_points=True,
point_chance = 2):
'''
@todo: 生成驗(yàn)證碼圖片
@param size: 圖片的大小,格式(寬,高),默認(rèn)為(120, 30)
@param chars: 允許的字符集合,格式字符串
@param img_type: 圖片保存的格式,默認(rèn)為 GIF,可選的為 GIF,JPEG,TIFF,PNG
@param mode: 圖片模式,默認(rèn)為 RGB
@param bg_color: 背景顏色,默認(rèn)為白色
@param fg_color: 前景色,驗(yàn)證碼字符顏色,默認(rèn)為藍(lán)色#0000FF
@param font_size: 驗(yàn)證碼字體大小
@param font_type: 驗(yàn)證碼字體,默認(rèn)為 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
@param length: 驗(yàn)證碼字符個(gè)數(shù)
@param draw_lines: 是否劃干擾線
@param n_lines: 干擾線的條數(shù)范圍,格式元組,默認(rèn)為(1, 2),只有 draw_lines 為 True 時(shí)有效
@param draw_points: 是否畫(huà)干擾點(diǎn)
@param point_chance: 干擾點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的概率,大小范圍[0, 100]
@return: [0]: PIL Image 實(shí)例
@return: [1]: 驗(yàn)證碼圖片中的字符串
'''
width, height = size # 寬, 高
img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 創(chuàng)建圖形
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 創(chuàng)建畫(huà)筆
def get_chars():
'''生成給定長(zhǎng)度的字符串,返回列表格式'''
return random.sample(chars, length)
def create_lines():
'''繪制干擾線'''
line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干擾線條數(shù)
for i in range(line_num):
# 起始點(diǎn)
begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
#結(jié)束點(diǎn)
end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))
def create_points():
'''繪制干擾點(diǎn)'''
chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]
for w in xrange(width):
for h in xrange(height):
tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
if tmp > 100 - chance:
draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))
def create_strs():
'''繪制驗(yàn)證碼字符'''
c_chars = get_chars()
strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每個(gè)字符前后以空格隔開(kāi)
font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)
draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)
return ''.join(c_chars)
if draw_lines:
create_lines()
if draw_points:
create_points()
strs = create_strs()
# 圖形扭曲參數(shù)
params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
0,
0,
0,
1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
0.001,
float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
]
img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 創(chuàng)建扭曲
img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 濾鏡,邊界加強(qiáng)(閾值更大)
return img, strs
if __name__ == "__main__":
code_img = create_validate_code()
code_img[0].save("xiaorui.cc.gif", "GIF")
看下驗(yàn)證碼效果 ~
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/46.gif" alt="pic" />
要是在 web 框架里面的話,可以直接 return 一個(gè)驗(yàn)證碼圖片
比如:
tornado 的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式
output = StringIO()
im.save(output, 'JPEG', quality = 95)
img_data = output.getvalue()
output.close()
#在瀏覽器現(xiàn)實(shí)圖片
set_header('Content-Type','image/jpeg')
write(img_data)
我這里用的是 flask,代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)是
@app.route('/pic')
def showPic():
import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
import StringIO
output = StringIO.StringIO()
text = "EwWIieAT"
im = Image.new("RGB",(130,35), (255, 255, 255))
dr = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
font = ImageFont.truetype("kk.TTF", 24)
#simsunb.ttf 這個(gè)從windows fonts copy一個(gè)過(guò)來(lái)
dr.text((10, 5), text, font=font, fill="#000000")
# im.show()
im.save(output,"GIF")
img_data = output.getvalue()
output.close()
response = make_response(img_data)
response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'image/gif'
return response
http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/python-actual-combat/images/47.jpg" alt="pic" />
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